## Overview Humanitarian organizations are entities—often non-governmental organizations (NGOs), intergovernmental agencies, or specialized groups—dedicated to preventing and alleviating human suffering during and after crises such as armed conflicts, natural disasters, and other emergencies[1][2][4]. Their core mission is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity by providing essential services like food, water, shelter, healthcare, and protection to vulnerable populations[1][3][6]. These organizations operate independently of governments, guided by the principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence[5]. ## History The concept of organized humanitarian aid can be traced back to ancient philosophies of charity and wartime conduct, but its modern form emerged after World War I with the Treaty of Versailles[2]. The establishment of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in the 19th century marked a pivotal moment, formalizing the role of neutral humanitarian bodies in conflict zones[4]. Over the 20th and 21st centuries, the sector expanded significantly, with the creation of major intergovernmental agencies (e.g., UNHCR, UNICEF) and renowned NGOs like Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)[1][4]. ## Key Activities and Achievements Humanitarian organizations respond rapidly to emergencies, delivering life-saving aid such as medical care, food rations, and shelter[1][3]. For example, during the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake, NGOs distributed millions of food rations and set up mobile clinics[1]. They also advocate for human rights, support sustainable development (e.g., building infrastructure, education, and agricultural programs), and provide long-term recovery assistance[1]. MSF, for instance, has treated over 2 million patients in conflict and epidemic zones in the past five years[1]. These organizations have driven significant policy changes, such as the implementation of refugee protection laws in over 50 countrie